In this blog of Hedging with Jorge, we shift focus from speculation to a core principle of risk management – hedging. To be hedged means to be protected. While the concept is rooted in financial markets, its application starts much earlier, in our everyday lives.

Let’s begin with a simple scenario: imagine the weather forecast predicts heavy rain. In this case:

Event: Rain

Risk: Getting wet

Consequence: Falling ill

Further impact: Missing work or important life moments

To protect yourself, you carry an umbrella. That umbrella becomes your hedge. It doesn’t stop the rain, but it shields you from its effects. This idea of using a tool to reduce risk is exactly what hedging in finance is about.

Now let’s translate that to an economic context. Suppose you’re planning a trip to Europe and need Euros, but your local currency is not the Euro, perhaps it’s the Indian Rupee. The risk? The Euro is strengthening against the Rupee. If the exchange rate keeps rising, you might end up spending more than planned or cancelling the trip altogether.

To hedge this risk, you could:

• Gradually buy Euros every month.
• Or better, fix a contract today (via the futures market) that locks in the exchange rate for a future date, the end of September.

This way, regardless of how the currency moves, you are protected. You’ve created certainty in a volatile environment.

Taking the idea further into business, imagine you’re an exporter getting paid in US dollars. If the dollar strengthens against the Rupee, you gain. But if it weakens, you lose out. To avoid such risks, companies hedge by selling dollars in the futures market, effectively locking in their returns in local currency.

The same applies to raw material procurement. Suppose you’re a secondary aluminium foundry buying aluminium at USD 2,500/tonne. You plan to convert it into alloy and sell it later. If aluminium prices fall in the futures market before you sell, your margins shrink, or worse, turn negative. To prevent that, you hedge your aluminium purchase by selling in the futures market, thereby protecting your profit margin.

Hedging, as Jorge explains, is a strategic action taken today to reduce or eliminate a financial risk tomorrow. Whether it’s for personal travel or industrial operations, the principle remains the same: identify the risk, and take steps to guard against it.

This blog lays the groundwork for deeper explorations into how businesses use financial tools to manage uncertainty. Stay tuned as we continue to unpack the fundamentals of hedging, one concept at a time.